Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the main vector of human arbovirosis in tropical and subtropical areas.  Its adaptation to urban and rural environments generates infestations inside households. Therefore, entomological surveillance in association with spatio-temporal analysis is an innovative approach to vector control and dengue management. The main aim was to inspect immature pupal stages in households belonging to municipalities at high risk of dengue in Cauca, Colombia by implementing entomological indices and relating how they influence adult mosquito density. Here, we provide novel data for the geographical distribution of 3,806 immature pupal stages of Ae. aegypti. We also report entomological indices and spatial characterization. The results suggest that for Ae. aegypti species, pupal productivity generates high densities of adults in neighbouring households, evidencing seasonal behaviour. This dataset is of great importance as it provides an innovative strategy for vector-borne disease mitigation using vector spatial patterns and their association with entomological indicators and breeding sites in high-risk neighbourhoods.

Los mosquitos Aedes aegypti son el principal vector de las arbovirosis humanas en zonas tropicales y subtropicales. Su adaptación a entornos urbanos y rurales genera infestaciones en el intradomicilio de las viviendas. De aquí que, la vigilancia entomológica en asociación con el análisis espacial y el análisis espacio-temporal sean un enfoque innovador para el control de vectores y la gestión del dengue.El objetivo principal de la investigación fue realizar una comparación de la vigilancia entomológica, mediante el uso de índices cuantitativos de pupas y de adultos en tres municipios de alto riesgo de dengue Patía (El Bordo), Miranda y Piamonte del departamento del Cauca, con el fin de examinar cómo influye la productividad de pupas, entre índices entomológicos, en la densidad de mosquitos adultos y otros patrones espaciales y temporales. Ae. aegypti , sus índices entomológicos y su caracterización espacial. Los resultados sugieren que, para las especies de Ae. aegypti , la productividad de pupas genera altas densidades de adultos en las viviendas vecinas, evidenciando un comportamiento estacional.Estos resultados son de gran importancia ya que proporciona una estrategia innovadora para la mitigación de enfermedades transmitidas por vectores utilizando patrones espaciales de los vectores y su asociación con indicadores entomológicos y lugares de cría en barrios de alto riesgo para la transmisión del dengue.

Abstract Extreme climatic events and their hazards have strong impact on society. Urban areas in Brazil are especially vulnerable to the impact of such events due to their rapid growth and inappropriate infrastructure. Viçosa is a mid-sized city in Southeastern Brazil that has been experiencing issues associated with urban expansion and population growth since the 1960s. Thus, this study aims to identify patterns of extreme climate events in Viçosa based on daily temperature and precipitation time series (1968-2017). Homogeneity tests were carried out in order to identify breaking points in these climate variables. Climate trends were analyzed through Mann-Kendall test and their magnitude was checked based on Sen’s slope. Results have evidenced statistically significant and increasing trends in annual minimum temperature since the 1990s. Moreover, statistically significant breaking points in extreme temperature indices have shown increasing number of warm days, and decreasing number of cold nights, in both annual and seasonal analyses. Extreme climatic events have been observed more often in recent years, mainly in the number of consecutive dry days and maximum and heavy precipitation days. Based on results, Viçosa experiences warmer conditions throughout the year, whereas more (less) torrential rainfall events have been occurring during Summer (Winter).